November 12, 2024 • 17 mins
The Country's Rowena Duncum brings you a special three-part podcast series, where PGG Wrightson's experienced animal production team share practical tips and advice for dairy, sheep and beef farmers across New Zealand.
In episode 1, Ro is joined by veterinary nutritionist Laura Pattie to focus on the health and growth of young dairy and dairy-beef calves – specifically around the challenges of weaning.
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Episode Transcript
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Speaker 1 (00:02):
Keep your Stock Thriving with PGG Rights and Powered by
the Country. Welcome and welcome into the special edition Animal
Health podcast and association with PGG Rights and. My name
is Rowena Duncan. It is my pleasure to join you
for part one of what's going to be a three
part podcast series as we look at some practical tips
and advice for dairy, sheep and beef farmers right across
(00:25):
New Zealand. Here is so much happening on farm. You've
got weaning, drenching, vaccinating, moving young stock into new panics
and moving them into new nutritional plans. So PGG Rights
AND's Animal Production Technical team are going to be joining
me just to walk you through some of summers must
watch areas, so everything from keeping stock and peat condition
(00:46):
to protecting their health and the hot months ahead. Today
we are going to be focusing on health and growth
of young stock, so dairy calves and dairy beef calves.
And joining me is Laura Patty, veterinary nutritionists from the
Animal Production Tech team at PDG Rights and. Hello, Laura, Welcome,
Hi lovely to be here. Tell me a bit about
(01:07):
your animal health journey. Where did that begin?
Speaker 2 (01:10):
Yeah, so I grew up on a small jury sum
in the Bay printing area near to Pookie, and so
I've always had a close association with the farming side.
Then with that love of animals grew my passion to
be a vest whilst in practice. I was in practice
for ten years and from there I wanted to see
animals doing better, I guess, rather than being the ambulance
(01:33):
at the bottom of the cliffs so to speak. So
a passion for that feeding side. There were common questions
all the time out on farm and I wanted to
be able to solve that problem for people and get
things really pumping on farm.
Speaker 1 (01:44):
Yeah, fantastic. So whereabouts in New Zealand are you based
at the moment and where do you cover?
Speaker 2 (01:50):
I am based in Totonga and I will cover that
Upper North Island essentially as well as we do a
bit behind the scenes for the business. Northern Bapony King Country.
Speaker 1 (02:01):
And Waikeena, brilliant part of the country. I spent labour
weekends so not too long ago in the Bay of
Plenty and yeah, my goodness, it's changed since I was
a kid going there in school holidays.
Speaker 2 (02:13):
God it has yeah, yeah, but it's debsolutely beautiful the beaches,
and then we've got a bit of the bush and things,
and yes, being where I grew up from, just all
around that family. But it's very different from when we
grew up, that's for sure.
Speaker 1 (02:24):
Absolutely, But Hay Copenhagen Cones is still at the bottom
of the.
Speaker 2 (02:27):
Mount still there.
Speaker 1 (02:28):
Yeah, yeah, my absolute go to. So I can overlook
a lot. If there's the promise of a frozen yoga
at the end of.
Speaker 2 (02:34):
It, Oh, it's just the best.
Speaker 1 (02:37):
Yeah. Hey, Laura, what's happening on farms at the moment
in terms of young stock.
Speaker 2 (02:43):
Yeah, so carving has come to an end at this
time of the year for the majority of our farm,
and it's where the young dairy replacements or the young
dairy beef curves being weaned off milk. So some of
the earlier born calves will be weaned already and others
will just be starting the opinion and when they started carving.
So it's a bit of a high stress time on farm.
(03:04):
There's lots of things going on with the transporting of
these calves, often to different grazing areas, mixing them up.
They've got to get their vaccinations, drenching all of that
sort of thing and going on to different new pastures
in that. So yeah, the's a way, but going on, yeah, just.
Speaker 1 (03:18):
Do work that. Hey, look, what can some of the
potential impacts of weaning stress speed on young stock. It's
always a bit of a challenging time, I think for
both the farmers and for the young stock it is.
Speaker 2 (03:31):
And what we've also got going on is making on farm,
so there's many balls up in the year for them
on farm, and so paying compressis attention to these young animals.
There's another big, big thing on the list that stress
really has a massive impact and a risk on animal
health issues rising. This is the period and carf wearing
where the animal health issues risk is at its highest.
(03:52):
So the cortisole that's involved in stress, the stress hormone cortisole,
can will decrease the immune system's ability to battle the challenges.
You may see things like poor weight games or even
weight loss after weaning, stopping milk feeding, many things different
going on, whether that's the room and hasn't quite developed
properly to see quality. We have another parasite called cocksidia
(04:14):
like to rear it's ugly head at weaning time, and
that carbs pretty crook Ya sinia is another one that's
really closely related to stress for the less stressful, something
that's lower risk of your sinea. And then we've got
those pesky parasites of those internal worms as well. So
quite a few things been thrown at a calf at
this time. Yeah.
Speaker 1 (04:32):
Absolutely, And I guess this is kind of obvious, but
I've always been really aware of quartisole and humans. Mine
is probably constantly too high and I'm always scared to
get it tested. But I never thought of carbs actually
having courtizole as well.
Speaker 2 (04:49):
Yeah, absolutely, So we can't ask a calf how they feel,
or any animal for that point. So the quartersole streets
wall known is exactly the one that gets used in
a lot of research and study for us to them
puts some quantitative measure on what is happening in the
animal from a stress point of view.
Speaker 1 (05:05):
Yeah, fascinating. Hey, So how can farmers prevent and manage
some of those stresses?
Speaker 2 (05:13):
Firstly, when calves are born, they don't have a fully
functional room. Now roomen is that first stomach, and it's
the stomach that is important to digest grass, pasture and
solid feed. So it's really important we get that functioning
by weaning time. When that's not developed, that's when we
get a lot of or developed poorly not to its potential.
Is when we'll get a lot of weight loss post
(05:35):
stopping of milk feeding. It's the calf meal that really
drives from especially the starch in that calf meal, whether
it's meal or a calf palette, that will drive this
room and development and the quality of the papille in there.
So we really want to make sure we've got good
cars meum good quality feed quite common on farm for
when the milk feeding stops, that the meal feeding or
(05:56):
the carf palate feeding also stops at the same time.
That's a big double whenning for carves or it may
only be fed for a really short time after milk
feeding stops, so it's a lot of diet changed and
to mitigate that and make it less stressful for the carf,
i'd recommend feeding meal for a good sport of six
weeks post milk feeding stopping. Essentially, it's important to clarify
(06:17):
that because weaning can mean different things on different farms.
That can mean the stopping of all feed or just milk.
It helps to then transition carves onto a new diet.
SOO have kept one thing familiar. It's the easiest way
I like to explain. It was kept that meal and
it's been there when they've been on milk, and now
it's there when they're on grass. And so they've got
the familiar, easy to digest, height, energy packing a punch
kind of feed and that's going to help with that
(06:39):
good weight gain and keep things going smoothly. Now, it
takes a room or an animal, even if it's an
adult one, a good four weeks or so to adapt
to a new diet. So just bearing that in mind
as we go through. Yes, Sinea was that bug that's
really highly related to stress, So this keeping the meal
and is really going to minimize that stress. They also
(06:59):
contain cox City a stats, making sure you check your
bag for that, but most cast meals and cart palates
on the market will contain a drug called a cop
City a STAT and that really reduces your risk of
clinical coxidiosis, which is super high risk at weaning. So
another benefit of that meal. I've had a situation on
farm where exactly that sort of perfect storm we had
(07:21):
carbs getting moved to a new place, put onto new
pastures getting mixed, they got a drench, they got a
vaccination all with in about four to five days, and
we have massive outbreak of sick carbs. Now they had
both cosidia and your sinea. The next year to mitigate that,
we're put meal into the system and a calf meal
whilst they were transitioning into that double whammy there, we're
(07:42):
now promoting really good weight game and that's going to
be better from a farm efficiency and economics point of view.
And we've decreased and you think around that animal health
rest and it worked really well. So when you've got
an animal, and most farmers here will be super aware
when I've seen that animal get hammered by your sineia
or cox City just how long it takes them to recover.
So you've just lost so much time, whether it's trying
(08:04):
to grow out a beef animal or trying to get
your valuable heat of replacement. So getting that good nutrition
really enables that calf to be more robust and resilient
to those animal health challenges.
Speaker 1 (08:14):
Yeah, amazing, and it just makes so much sense when
you're explaining it and to be able to use that example,
those four calves there was a lot coming at them
at once, so being able to have something have that
continuity will make a huge difference for them. How do
farmers work out though, what the issue is in calves?
(08:35):
You mentioned they can't kind of tell us what's going on.
How do you know which of all of those issues
is the one hitting them?
Speaker 2 (08:42):
Yeah, great question. So firstly, a Stoker eversach, please call
your local veterinarian. Having eyes on the ground is your
best starting point in getting that support straight off the bat,
So just getting them involved. They know your farm and
your animals the best. The treatment depends on the cause,
so they can be unique for each of those problems.
And for that whether it's that you're sending a cox
(09:05):
in your worm burdens, they all present with diarrhea. So
you can't just look at the pel and go okay,
that's the one that's my problem. Sought that needs to
happen is a pro sample is sent off to the
lab and then they've tested. At times like the situation
before there was more than one cause, testing and determining
that that cause and now allows for proper treatment and
(09:25):
most importantly the best prevention plan for that. So the
other one is when it comes to worms, the earliest
you'll look at testing proxamples to look at a worm
burden would be when cars have had access and continual
access to pasture for a good four to six weeks.
Just a common question that gets out there, So figle
count can be a great way to see when you
(09:45):
need to give that first stretch.
Speaker 1 (09:47):
Yeah, and it's really easy to be able to do
that on farm as well. Look what's the current state
of play when it comes to drenches in young cattle
in New Zealand. I think it's probably about ten years
since I was last farming. We mentioned about the mount
having changed a lot since I was a kid. You know,
drenches and farming change a lot on that time as well.
Speaker 2 (10:07):
They really have we a lot get focused on for
the sheep industry, and rightfully so, and a little bit
of the young stock halft wearing side of things hasn't
been as closely looked into. But over the last few
years we've definitely been seeing a lot more double action,
So those drugs that have two drugs in them, those
womb drenches that have two drugs in them, and triple resistance,
(10:30):
so those drenches that have three drugs in them, that
we're getting an increasing amount of drench resistance and both
our therey here for wearing systems and our bull beef operations.
So that wasn't the latest our winery Labs report or
it was formerly known as Gribble Lab Gribble's lab, sorry,
And from there we're most commonly detecting it in Koup area.
(10:52):
Couperia is the womb that we're really concerned about in
the calf's first summer autumn period and it has a
huge impact when it's too high of a burden on
growth rates and animal performance. But there is also drench
resistance out there and they're alstotagi and try strongest worms
and it just seems to be growing. So those with
those high intensity systems a lot of young stock on
(11:14):
farm are the highest at risk. And those that are
relying on drenching at very frequent intervals for cast performance
and growth, they are the really really risky ones that are.
Speaker 1 (11:24):
Seeing a lot of resistance and at the moment, Yeah,
so what should farmers be doing their lord to maintain
an effective drenching program.
Speaker 2 (11:32):
First and foremost, knowledge of power, So getting to know
your status is really important, and a post drench check
is a simple way to be doing that. Your vets
can help you use. Put a plan and program in place.
Frequently accounts are what we used. So you're looking at
the poo and you're literally looking at worm eggs and
post essentially really useful for cattle up to that sort
(11:54):
of sixty nine months of age. You collect ten individual
proxamples into a poddle, take them in and we want
to be collecting that per seven to fourteen days after
a drench. So at that time, if the drench has
been effective, they will come back with absolutely no eggs,
and we know then that our program is good and
our drench is working. If eggs are detected, then we
(12:15):
really need to start looking at our drenching program. So
it's as much looking at the drench and the active
as it is the farm approach. So big shift here.
We don't want to rely soul on drenches, So also
double checking things like it sounds really simple, but we
often forget about them because they are things we just
take for granted. So making sure your drench gun is calibrated,
(12:37):
do a few swirts into a measuring container and just
be like cool, it's giving the ten meals I want
it to Animals have to actually swallow a drench for
it to be effective. So if we've got lots of
wild animalsness putting things up everywhere, we may need to
look at what tools or or ways to get that
drenching to them effectively and live weight, So weighing some
and making sure we're actually drenching them to the crib
(13:00):
weight so that that drug can do its job and
the best way possible.
Speaker 1 (13:03):
Yeah, because I guess people often are lot Yeah, I'll
eye almost of that. She'll be right, and sometimes you
can actually be a weeb it.
Speaker 2 (13:08):
Out exactly, yep. And then knowledge, for yeah, knowledge is
different in power. So I know we've tried to have
games on fun when growing up on the farms where
we've gone and said, hey, howevery do you think this is?
You said, iomeitter run it over the scales and realize
just how far out you are.
Speaker 1 (13:25):
No one it will ever admit to that one though, exactly.
Speaker 2 (13:30):
And really important to realize just how the drenches given
or administered to the animal can have quite a big impact.
So especially for that wom we're talking about, Couperia, that
has that big impact in the first summer autumn of
their animal's life. Oral anthementics or ooral drenches given orally
are the most effective as they go straight to the
source or the worms live, and we have the highest
(13:52):
kill rates there second of injectable products, and pour on's
have the lower efficacy of those three ways to give them.
Really trying to focus on giving oral grenches for as
long as you can. On some it's often things like
human safety and the yard set up, so anim'll get
burg and Bulshey we don't quite have the right head
crush or things like that that people will move on
(14:13):
to pour ons quite early. But if you have a
system you can keep giving memorally. Either get yourself a
good head crush, good good pair of robust steel cat
boost doesn't go straight, and just trying to keep those
oral of them for as long as possible for that casts, spring,
summer or them would be awesome.
Speaker 1 (14:31):
Yeah, I can absolutely second that about the good pair
of steel boots. It was always my issue, especially with
the young stocks. They just seem to have this kind
of radar for where your big toe was and just
managing to hit it with their hopes and of course
set perfect. They're for getting quite a very bruised big
toe Hey, look anything further to add Laura to look
(14:54):
at supporting good stock growth and health.
Speaker 2 (14:58):
Yeah, trace minerials are a really big one. So the
messaging out there around New gellngergary, deficion and selenium is
quite wise. And we also have to worry about copper
and cobops or B twelve. So we want those three
big ones, the big hitters for calf growth and that
we see deficiencies in around New Zealand. To monitor where
you are in your supplementation program. Then taking some blood
(15:21):
tests or a bigger animals will deliver biopsies, and younger
animals it's going to be more likely bloods that will
get run just to check that those levels are adequate.
So they play huge roles place minerals and bone and
formation is something say like for copper, for selenium, it's
really important there's an antioxidant in the body and growth
may be twelves really around their appetite and growth and
(15:42):
energy and how they deal with that in the body,
so heats different ways to get them in. There's injectable
products out there, oral products that can be either liquid
or powder ones and things like that, so there should
be a product out there to fruit or farming systems
to make sure that those animals have those things to
their disposal.
Speaker 1 (16:01):
Yeah. Laura Patty is with me veterinary nutritionists from the
Animal Production Tech team at PGG Rights. And Laura, just
a quick question about your team, because I've really enjoyed
how you've explained things. I've been able to follow along
and understand exactly the points you're making. How do people
get in touch with your team and find out some
(16:22):
more information.
Speaker 2 (16:24):
Yeah, so working alongside your local PGG Rights and Technical
Field cp PFR as we call them. Those are the
guys there and girls that we sit behind and we
train and empower and get this knowledge to them, having
a working relationship with them, and if there's ways and
for problem solving on farm for us to support you,
we'll come on farm with them and we'll be able
(16:45):
to get some of these misbusters done or get an
action plan to your challenge current challenges on farm.
Speaker 1 (16:53):
Yeah, fantastic. Laura Patty from PGG Rights and as I say,
part of that Animal Production Tech team. Thank you, Thank
you so much for your time on this Animal Health
podcast today. Have really enjoyed chatting to you and all
the
Speaker 2 (17:05):
Best pleasure Thank you Rowena, keep your stocks thriving with
PGG rights that powered by the country
Keep your Stock Thriving with PGG Rights and Powered by
the Country. Welcome and welcome into the special edition Animal
Health podcast and association with PGG Rights and. My name
is Rowena Duncan. It is my pleasure to join you
for part one of what's going to be a three
part podcast series as we look at some practical tips
and advice for dairy, sheep and beef farmers right across
(00:25):
New Zealand. Here is so much happening on farm. You've
got weaning, drenching, vaccinating, moving young stock into new panics
and moving them into new nutritional plans. So PGG Rights
AND's Animal Production Technical team are going to be joining
me just to walk you through some of summers must
watch areas, so everything from keeping stock and peat condition
(00:46):
to protecting their health and the hot months ahead. Today
we are going to be focusing on health and growth
of young stock, so dairy calves and dairy beef calves.
And joining me is Laura Patty, veterinary nutritionists from the
Animal Production Tech team at PDG Rights and. Hello, Laura, Welcome,
Hi lovely to be here. Tell me a bit about
(01:07):
your animal health journey. Where did that begin?
Speaker 2 (01:10):
Yeah, so I grew up on a small jury sum
in the Bay printing area near to Pookie, and so
I've always had a close association with the farming side.
Then with that love of animals grew my passion to
be a vest whilst in practice. I was in practice
for ten years and from there I wanted to see
animals doing better, I guess, rather than being the ambulance
(01:33):
at the bottom of the cliffs so to speak. So
a passion for that feeding side. There were common questions
all the time out on farm and I wanted to
be able to solve that problem for people and get
things really pumping on farm.
Speaker 1 (01:44):
Yeah, fantastic. So whereabouts in New Zealand are you based
at the moment and where do you cover?
Speaker 2 (01:50):
I am based in Totonga and I will cover that
Upper North Island essentially as well as we do a
bit behind the scenes for the business. Northern Bapony King Country.
Speaker 1 (02:01):
And Waikeena, brilliant part of the country. I spent labour
weekends so not too long ago in the Bay of
Plenty and yeah, my goodness, it's changed since I was
a kid going there in school holidays.
Speaker 2 (02:13):
God it has yeah, yeah, but it's debsolutely beautiful the beaches,
and then we've got a bit of the bush and things,
and yes, being where I grew up from, just all
around that family. But it's very different from when we
grew up, that's for sure.
Speaker 1 (02:24):
Absolutely, But Hay Copenhagen Cones is still at the bottom
of the.
Speaker 2 (02:27):
Mount still there.
Speaker 1 (02:28):
Yeah, yeah, my absolute go to. So I can overlook
a lot. If there's the promise of a frozen yoga
at the end of.
Speaker 2 (02:34):
It, Oh, it's just the best.
Speaker 1 (02:37):
Yeah. Hey, Laura, what's happening on farms at the moment
in terms of young stock.
Speaker 2 (02:43):
Yeah, so carving has come to an end at this
time of the year for the majority of our farm,
and it's where the young dairy replacements or the young
dairy beef curves being weaned off milk. So some of
the earlier born calves will be weaned already and others
will just be starting the opinion and when they started carving.
So it's a bit of a high stress time on farm.
(03:04):
There's lots of things going on with the transporting of
these calves, often to different grazing areas, mixing them up.
They've got to get their vaccinations, drenching all of that
sort of thing and going on to different new pastures
in that. So yeah, the's a way, but going on, yeah, just.
Speaker 1 (03:18):
Do work that. Hey, look, what can some of the
potential impacts of weaning stress speed on young stock. It's
always a bit of a challenging time, I think for
both the farmers and for the young stock it is.
Speaker 2 (03:31):
And what we've also got going on is making on farm,
so there's many balls up in the year for them
on farm, and so paying compressis attention to these young animals.
There's another big, big thing on the list that stress
really has a massive impact and a risk on animal
health issues rising. This is the period and carf wearing
where the animal health issues risk is at its highest.
(03:52):
So the cortisole that's involved in stress, the stress hormone cortisole,
can will decrease the immune system's ability to battle the challenges.
You may see things like poor weight games or even
weight loss after weaning, stopping milk feeding, many things different
going on, whether that's the room and hasn't quite developed
properly to see quality. We have another parasite called cocksidia
(04:14):
like to rear it's ugly head at weaning time, and
that carbs pretty crook Ya sinia is another one that's
really closely related to stress for the less stressful, something
that's lower risk of your sinea. And then we've got
those pesky parasites of those internal worms as well. So
quite a few things been thrown at a calf at
this time. Yeah.
Speaker 1 (04:32):
Absolutely, And I guess this is kind of obvious, but
I've always been really aware of quartisole and humans. Mine
is probably constantly too high and I'm always scared to
get it tested. But I never thought of carbs actually
having courtizole as well.
Speaker 2 (04:49):
Yeah, absolutely, So we can't ask a calf how they feel,
or any animal for that point. So the quartersole streets
wall known is exactly the one that gets used in
a lot of research and study for us to them
puts some quantitative measure on what is happening in the
animal from a stress point of view.
Speaker 1 (05:05):
Yeah, fascinating. Hey, So how can farmers prevent and manage
some of those stresses?
Speaker 2 (05:13):
Firstly, when calves are born, they don't have a fully
functional room. Now roomen is that first stomach, and it's
the stomach that is important to digest grass, pasture and
solid feed. So it's really important we get that functioning
by weaning time. When that's not developed, that's when we
get a lot of or developed poorly not to its potential.
Is when we'll get a lot of weight loss post
(05:35):
stopping of milk feeding. It's the calf meal that really
drives from especially the starch in that calf meal, whether
it's meal or a calf palette, that will drive this
room and development and the quality of the papille in there.
So we really want to make sure we've got good
cars meum good quality feed quite common on farm for
when the milk feeding stops, that the meal feeding or
(05:56):
the carf palate feeding also stops at the same time.
That's a big double whenning for carves or it may
only be fed for a really short time after milk
feeding stops, so it's a lot of diet changed and
to mitigate that and make it less stressful for the carf,
i'd recommend feeding meal for a good sport of six
weeks post milk feeding stopping. Essentially, it's important to clarify
(06:17):
that because weaning can mean different things on different farms.
That can mean the stopping of all feed or just milk.
It helps to then transition carves onto a new diet.
SOO have kept one thing familiar. It's the easiest way
I like to explain. It was kept that meal and
it's been there when they've been on milk, and now
it's there when they're on grass. And so they've got
the familiar, easy to digest, height, energy packing a punch
kind of feed and that's going to help with that
(06:39):
good weight gain and keep things going smoothly. Now, it
takes a room or an animal, even if it's an
adult one, a good four weeks or so to adapt
to a new diet. So just bearing that in mind
as we go through. Yes, Sinea was that bug that's
really highly related to stress, So this keeping the meal
and is really going to minimize that stress. They also
(06:59):
contain cox City a stats, making sure you check your
bag for that, but most cast meals and cart palates
on the market will contain a drug called a cop
City a STAT and that really reduces your risk of
clinical coxidiosis, which is super high risk at weaning. So
another benefit of that meal. I've had a situation on
farm where exactly that sort of perfect storm we had
(07:21):
carbs getting moved to a new place, put onto new
pastures getting mixed, they got a drench, they got a
vaccination all with in about four to five days, and
we have massive outbreak of sick carbs. Now they had
both cosidia and your sinea. The next year to mitigate that,
we're put meal into the system and a calf meal
whilst they were transitioning into that double whammy there, we're
(07:42):
now promoting really good weight game and that's going to
be better from a farm efficiency and economics point of view.
And we've decreased and you think around that animal health
rest and it worked really well. So when you've got
an animal, and most farmers here will be super aware
when I've seen that animal get hammered by your sineia
or cox City just how long it takes them to recover.
So you've just lost so much time, whether it's trying
(08:04):
to grow out a beef animal or trying to get
your valuable heat of replacement. So getting that good nutrition
really enables that calf to be more robust and resilient
to those animal health challenges.
Speaker 1 (08:14):
Yeah, amazing, and it just makes so much sense when
you're explaining it and to be able to use that example,
those four calves there was a lot coming at them
at once, so being able to have something have that
continuity will make a huge difference for them. How do
farmers work out though, what the issue is in calves?
(08:35):
You mentioned they can't kind of tell us what's going on.
How do you know which of all of those issues
is the one hitting them?
Speaker 2 (08:42):
Yeah, great question. So firstly, a Stoker eversach, please call
your local veterinarian. Having eyes on the ground is your
best starting point in getting that support straight off the bat,
So just getting them involved. They know your farm and
your animals the best. The treatment depends on the cause,
so they can be unique for each of those problems.
And for that whether it's that you're sending a cox
(09:05):
in your worm burdens, they all present with diarrhea. So
you can't just look at the pel and go okay,
that's the one that's my problem. Sought that needs to
happen is a pro sample is sent off to the
lab and then they've tested. At times like the situation
before there was more than one cause, testing and determining
that that cause and now allows for proper treatment and
(09:25):
most importantly the best prevention plan for that. So the
other one is when it comes to worms, the earliest
you'll look at testing proxamples to look at a worm
burden would be when cars have had access and continual
access to pasture for a good four to six weeks.
Just a common question that gets out there, So figle
count can be a great way to see when you
(09:45):
need to give that first stretch.
Speaker 1 (09:47):
Yeah, and it's really easy to be able to do
that on farm as well. Look what's the current state
of play when it comes to drenches in young cattle
in New Zealand. I think it's probably about ten years
since I was last farming. We mentioned about the mount
having changed a lot since I was a kid. You know,
drenches and farming change a lot on that time as well.
Speaker 2 (10:07):
They really have we a lot get focused on for
the sheep industry, and rightfully so, and a little bit
of the young stock halft wearing side of things hasn't
been as closely looked into. But over the last few
years we've definitely been seeing a lot more double action,
So those drugs that have two drugs in them, those
womb drenches that have two drugs in them, and triple resistance,
(10:30):
so those drenches that have three drugs in them, that
we're getting an increasing amount of drench resistance and both
our therey here for wearing systems and our bull beef operations.
So that wasn't the latest our winery Labs report or
it was formerly known as Gribble Lab Gribble's lab, sorry,
And from there we're most commonly detecting it in Koup area.
(10:52):
Couperia is the womb that we're really concerned about in
the calf's first summer autumn period and it has a
huge impact when it's too high of a burden on
growth rates and animal performance. But there is also drench
resistance out there and they're alstotagi and try strongest worms
and it just seems to be growing. So those with
those high intensity systems a lot of young stock on
(11:14):
farm are the highest at risk. And those that are
relying on drenching at very frequent intervals for cast performance
and growth, they are the really really risky ones that are.
Speaker 1 (11:24):
Seeing a lot of resistance and at the moment, Yeah,
so what should farmers be doing their lord to maintain
an effective drenching program.
Speaker 2 (11:32):
First and foremost, knowledge of power, So getting to know
your status is really important, and a post drench check
is a simple way to be doing that. Your vets
can help you use. Put a plan and program in place.
Frequently accounts are what we used. So you're looking at
the poo and you're literally looking at worm eggs and
post essentially really useful for cattle up to that sort
(11:54):
of sixty nine months of age. You collect ten individual
proxamples into a poddle, take them in and we want
to be collecting that per seven to fourteen days after
a drench. So at that time, if the drench has
been effective, they will come back with absolutely no eggs,
and we know then that our program is good and
our drench is working. If eggs are detected, then we
(12:15):
really need to start looking at our drenching program. So
it's as much looking at the drench and the active
as it is the farm approach. So big shift here.
We don't want to rely soul on drenches, So also
double checking things like it sounds really simple, but we
often forget about them because they are things we just
take for granted. So making sure your drench gun is calibrated,
(12:37):
do a few swirts into a measuring container and just
be like cool, it's giving the ten meals I want
it to Animals have to actually swallow a drench for
it to be effective. So if we've got lots of
wild animalsness putting things up everywhere, we may need to
look at what tools or or ways to get that
drenching to them effectively and live weight, So weighing some
and making sure we're actually drenching them to the crib
(13:00):
weight so that that drug can do its job and
the best way possible.
Speaker 1 (13:03):
Yeah, because I guess people often are lot Yeah, I'll
eye almost of that. She'll be right, and sometimes you
can actually be a weeb it.
Speaker 2 (13:08):
Out exactly, yep. And then knowledge, for yeah, knowledge is
different in power. So I know we've tried to have
games on fun when growing up on the farms where
we've gone and said, hey, howevery do you think this is?
You said, iomeitter run it over the scales and realize
just how far out you are.
Speaker 1 (13:25):
No one it will ever admit to that one though, exactly.
Speaker 2 (13:30):
And really important to realize just how the drenches given
or administered to the animal can have quite a big impact.
So especially for that wom we're talking about, Couperia, that
has that big impact in the first summer autumn of
their animal's life. Oral anthementics or ooral drenches given orally
are the most effective as they go straight to the
source or the worms live, and we have the highest
(13:52):
kill rates there second of injectable products, and pour on's
have the lower efficacy of those three ways to give them.
Really trying to focus on giving oral grenches for as
long as you can. On some it's often things like
human safety and the yard set up, so anim'll get
burg and Bulshey we don't quite have the right head
crush or things like that that people will move on
(14:13):
to pour ons quite early. But if you have a
system you can keep giving memorally. Either get yourself a
good head crush, good good pair of robust steel cat
boost doesn't go straight, and just trying to keep those
oral of them for as long as possible for that casts, spring,
summer or them would be awesome.
Speaker 1 (14:31):
Yeah, I can absolutely second that about the good pair
of steel boots. It was always my issue, especially with
the young stocks. They just seem to have this kind
of radar for where your big toe was and just
managing to hit it with their hopes and of course
set perfect. They're for getting quite a very bruised big
toe Hey, look anything further to add Laura to look
(14:54):
at supporting good stock growth and health.
Speaker 2 (14:58):
Yeah, trace minerials are a really big one. So the
messaging out there around New gellngergary, deficion and selenium is
quite wise. And we also have to worry about copper
and cobops or B twelve. So we want those three
big ones, the big hitters for calf growth and that
we see deficiencies in around New Zealand. To monitor where
you are in your supplementation program. Then taking some blood
(15:21):
tests or a bigger animals will deliver biopsies, and younger
animals it's going to be more likely bloods that will
get run just to check that those levels are adequate.
So they play huge roles place minerals and bone and
formation is something say like for copper, for selenium, it's
really important there's an antioxidant in the body and growth
may be twelves really around their appetite and growth and
(15:42):
energy and how they deal with that in the body,
so heats different ways to get them in. There's injectable
products out there, oral products that can be either liquid
or powder ones and things like that, so there should
be a product out there to fruit or farming systems
to make sure that those animals have those things to
their disposal.
Speaker 1 (16:01):
Yeah. Laura Patty is with me veterinary nutritionists from the
Animal Production Tech team at PGG Rights. And Laura, just
a quick question about your team, because I've really enjoyed
how you've explained things. I've been able to follow along
and understand exactly the points you're making. How do people
get in touch with your team and find out some
(16:22):
more information.
Speaker 2 (16:24):
Yeah, so working alongside your local PGG Rights and Technical
Field cp PFR as we call them. Those are the
guys there and girls that we sit behind and we
train and empower and get this knowledge to them, having
a working relationship with them, and if there's ways and
for problem solving on farm for us to support you,
we'll come on farm with them and we'll be able
(16:45):
to get some of these misbusters done or get an
action plan to your challenge current challenges on farm.
Speaker 1 (16:53):
Yeah, fantastic. Laura Patty from PGG Rights and as I say,
part of that Animal Production Tech team. Thank you, Thank
you so much for your time on this Animal Health
podcast today. Have really enjoyed chatting to you and all
the
Speaker 2 (17:05):
Best pleasure Thank you Rowena, keep your stocks thriving with
PGG rights that powered by the country
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