February 23, 2009 • 14 mins
Although the Spanish-American War was a short conflict, many historians believe this conflict marked the United States' emergence as a major world power. Tune in and learn more about the Spanish-American War in this podcast from HowStuffWorks.com.
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Episode Transcript
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Speaker 1 (00:00):
Welcome to Stuff You Missed in History Class from how
Stuff Works dot com. Hello, and welcome to podcast. I'm
editor Candice Skison, joined by staff writer Jane McGrath. Hey, though, Candice,
so today we have an email reply from a listener,
(00:22):
and this one is from Andy Hartman, and he wanted
to know something about the Spanish American War, which I
thought was a really good excuse because it's always been
one of those, you know, mysterious corners of American history
that you know, you sort of skipped over in history class,
and I wanted to know more about it. So he
asked about the dates regarding the Spanish American War, because
there's a monument in Sacramento, California that he's seen that
(00:43):
gives the dates as eight to nine two. But if
you look at the dates in history book, you'll notice
that the Spanish surrendered in so it's just four months long. Exactly,
it was, It's quick. John Hayes said, it was a
splendid little war. Short. Yeah, and there are a couple
different answers. But before we go into that, we should
(01:05):
we should talk a little about the war itself and
things that led up to it. Exactly give you guys
awesome background. So what's significant about the Spanish American War
is that it was based on the United States response
to rebels in Cuba who had been oppressed under Spanish
colonial rule for a long time. And there had been
some uprisings before, but finally there was enough guerilla action
(01:28):
going under their leadership of um well of many people, really,
but Jose Martie was really incindiarian and really got the
forces fired up. And what else is significant is that
the United States didn't just learn a helping hand to Cuba,
but by doing so really established itself as one of
the great imperial powers of the world. And in the
(01:48):
United States that were anti imperialists, so we're pretty ticked
off about this. So we see that it leads to controversy,
just not not just on the battlefield, but also in
ideology and politics too. That's right, knew back on the
age of exploration, which is really like when Spain gottled
these territories in the first place, it was before the
United States emerged. Obviously, the United States was kind of
result of this age of exploration, so Spain had gotten
(02:11):
it was really one of the first and most powerful
countries to start colonizing places in the Americas in particular,
so they they got all these powers, but by UM
the nineteenth century, they had lost a lot of these lands. Uh.
Cuba was one of those places they still held on
to um, although there was lots of unrest there. As
CANDUs was saying, there's the ten Years War between eighteen
sixty eight and eighteen seventy eight UM ten years long, obviously,
(02:35):
where the Cuba fought for independence and basically lost. And
on the treaty, Spanish tried to promise, so we'll give
you more powers and we'll give you more autonomy, but
it didn't really work out the way they wanted, and
by eight there was still violence breaking out and Sarah
Spain had control over Cuba, and they also had control
over Perrica, the Philippines and Guam, and something interesting was
(02:57):
happening at this time. And if you think about these
different island nations, you'll note that they're not all in
the same corner of the sea. They're they're pretty disparate.
And President McKinley actually had a military advisory named Alfred
Tiamahan who was saying that your nation is only as
strong as its navy is, and so it was important
to have different naval stations throughout the Caribbean and other
(03:20):
parts of the oceans around the world. And um he
even advocated for building a canal across the Isthmus of Panama,
which eventually happened, but not quite yet. And so the
United States thought, huh, this is a pretty good idea
and sort of an auspicious turn of events. Cuba was
asking for the United States help and throwing off Spain's power,
and the United States was thinking, how can we throw
(03:41):
ourselves at island nations and increase our our naval strength,
And so all of this came together in a perfect
storm of the Spanish American War, that's right, And so
public sentiment was was very geared towards getting Cuba free
and so um a lot of people were arguing, we
should get involved, we should get involved, and nothing actually happened,
(04:02):
um for real, until the explosion of the main Now,
the USS Maine was was a American ship that was
sorry used to say United States ship that was sent
uh towards Cuba to help look after American interests, their
US interests. So it mysteriously exploded one day February and
it killed all the members on board about more than
(04:24):
U S soldiers. I believe no one really knows what happened.
To this day, no one is exactly sure what happened
with the explosion. At the time, it was kind of
assumed that Spain was responsible and not everybody believed this. UM.
President McKinley launched uh UM an inquiry into what happened,
and nothing was very conclusive, and by the nineteen seventies,
(04:45):
actually they looked back on it in forensic evidence showed
that it was probably a result of a believe the
coal bunker UM there was a mistake there and something
went wrong and exploded. But again, that's one of those
cases of you get a big and tall and balden
headline on a newspaper and you're going to get a
lot of rallying support from the public, and the public
screens loudly enough. Typically the president has to respond in
(05:09):
some way. And what's interesting about press generated during the
Spanish American War, or actually right before the Spanish American War,
is that there were two competing newspapers at this time,
and the men behind them, William Randolph Hurst and Joseph Pulitzer,
they wanted to get their copies sold, and so you've
probably heard of yellow journalism, and this comes from the
(05:30):
idea of embellishing stories and creating untruths about what was
going on in the world at that time, and in
Cuba is a perfect place to make splashing news like this,
and so supposedly Hurst even told one of his reporters,
you furnish the pictures, and I will furnish the war,
because the newspapers were receiving pictures of Cubans who had
(05:52):
been put into concentration camps and and other outlets, and
they were being tortured supposedly about Spanish and they were
awful images. But when he sent reporters over there, there
wasn't actually a whole lot going on, So there wasn't
much of a story to write. We knew that there
were injustices, but we couldn't exactly, you know, put our
hands on what was happening and how the United States
should help because it was still unclear. And so the
(06:14):
newspapers were able to create the story themselves and get
people involved. And shortly after the main and this cry,
remember the main US Congress drafted a declaration of war
against Spain. That's right, and Hurst is really interesting also
because he not only sort of made up these stories,
he capitalized on this um yeah, imminent war as much
(06:37):
as he could. And Hurst actually made a card game
called War with Spain, and he started a fund to
build a main memorial um dedicated to the USS Main
and he actually offered a fifty thou dollar reward for
anyone who could solve the mystery of the explosion exactly.
And um, when war was all out called, like you said,
Candice Um, he actually referred to it as the Journal's war,
(07:00):
as if he he started it himself. Here briss I'll Italia.
But it worked. It worked. It got a reluctant United
States into war with Spain. And you know, I quitted
John Hay earlier saying it was a splendid little war
was just four months long and and really that's how
it went. I mean, there were these U. S. Troops
who started getting shuffled out the different island nations that
(07:21):
Spain still owned. And the Cuban campaign was one of
the dirtiest and most awful because the troops that got
sent were so it equipped to deal with the conditions there. Um.
They sent one of the first black uh infantries to
Cuba to fight. This was shortly after the military had
been somewhat desegregated. They were moving towards desegregation, and they
(07:42):
found there was not adequate food. They were given really
heavy roolen uniforms and obviously it's way too hot in
Cuba for that, and the fighting was just pretty bloody,
and the troops were outnumbered against the Spanish troops, and
so victory for them really came on the seas because
the Spanish navy was very, very poor compared to the
(08:03):
state of the art ships that the American troops had. Yeah,
and adding to the food problem, um, there was also
problems with the actual food. Soldiers were complaining about it
and they said the beef tasted horrible. And there was
this scandal that broke out in the US at the
time that they were eating in balmed beef and somebody
said this word and it caught fire and people are like,
(08:23):
what the heck is that um? And that turned out
to be a rumor, I believe, But basically the they
think the heat of like the Cuban summer um made
it so the the meat did not last very well
and they were not eating very well over there in
Cuba anyway, So and a lot of them contracted yellow
fever and other diseases from being in Cuba and being
(08:45):
exposed to these conditions. And numbers that I've heard range,
but they approximate that fifty four hundred died in the
Cuban campaign, and of that only about three d eighty
if these deaths were actually due to battle and combat
with the Spanish forces. So if you can imagine, that's
what was going on. And one of the more interesting
parts to me at least, and some people say they're
(09:07):
sort of overrated, but it's fun to imagine, you know,
Teddy Roosevelt on a horse, you know, as a rough rider.
The rose Riders came in and this was a very um,
very sort of appropri of men, everyone from artists to
very wealthy men to politicians. And Roosevelt at that time
I felt that he had to do something to help
out with the Cuban campaign. And so they all got
(09:29):
together and they rode on their horses, and the African
American soldiers from the ninth Cavalry were very instrumental in
helping them to take the battle at Kettle Hill, and
they were able to outmaneuver the Spanish again, even if
they were outnumbered. That's right, and that's probably what made
this war so quick. Um. One of the major battles
we should mention, uh, the first battle that happened in
(09:50):
the war was happened actually not in Cuba or near it.
It happened all the way over the Philippines, uh, in
Manila Bay and Admiral George Dewey basically it was Teddy Roosevelt.
Like you mentioned, he was involved with the rough writers,
but before that he was actually giving out orders um
uh too for Admiral George Dewey to bring his squadron
(10:11):
over to Hong Kong to get ready to go to
the Philippines. And when do we actually got to the Philippines,
it was it was basically hands down victory for the
United States, and that really set the tone for the war.
I think it did. It did because there was that
chain of success, you know, once the United States had
won enough victories in Cuba, and then once they started
winning more victories and the Philippines, everyone was was happy
(10:32):
because they could see, you know, at the beginning of
the end. And a really key figure from the Philippines
was Emilio Aguinaldo and Um. He was very very excited
about the prospect of the Philippines gaining independence from Spain.
And along with the Filipinos, there were about eleven thousand
US troops that came along to help about Aguinaldo and
he actually declared independence from Spain on behalf of the
(10:53):
Philippines and Um he was able to commission the U.
S troops to help him out and whence they were
to declare victory there. The United States moved on to Guam,
but then things got kind of messy when when Spain
eventually surrendered, they were like, okay, you've got us. You
know you're Guam. Now we can we can easily see
(11:13):
you know, Puerto Rico is next and we're gonna be
losing all of our territories. So they agreed to sign
a peace treaty. But then a Glenado got upset because
now the United States was in a position where it
could have control of the Philippines, and he thought, well,
who are these men I was fighting alongside, and even
the Antio period anti imperialists getting too excited and speaking
too fast. Even the anti imperialists in America were saying,
(11:36):
who is America anymore. Our nation had been founded on
the precept of freedom from tyranny and freedom from imperial powers,
and now we've become one of them ourselves. So it
was a really big struggle that went up to the
Supreme Court about how to disseminate these lands the US
had gained. Yeah, and uh, it's a controversial issue even
to this day because, um, you could make the argument
(11:56):
and they did at the time as well, that uh,
the countries that they is liberated from Spanish rule, uh,
needed to get on their feet now and are we
gonna just let them be? And like what would happen
if anarchy ensues or whatever? Like, they don't have a
very stable transition, and maybe we should stick around and
try to make that work. Sounds like a pretty familiar story,
doesn't it a lot of connections to the day today,
(12:20):
of course, And so that was the ultimate question, what
do we do with these territories? So the U. S.
Supreme Court ultimately made a couple of decisions. Uh, perto
Rico I was incorporated, the Philippines remained unincorporated, and the
Cubans were allowed to write their own concerts here shen
but the United States was still allowed to send troops there,
and ultimately Cuba became a protectorate of the United States.
(12:41):
That's right. And this was principally because of something called
the Teller Amendment, which was attached on to the permission
that Congress gave McKinley. When they originally said yes, go
ahead and use whatever you can to go protect Cuba
and liberate them from the Spanish. Uh, they attacked on
the Teller Amendment to say, when you're done liberating the Cubans,
you need to leave them alone. And there were of
(13:03):
course like provisions that like, okay, you can make sure
it's stable there. But but by nineteen o two, the
US mostly had left there and they had relinquished their
military government control over Cuba by that time. I said,
this brings us back to the question of the monument.
I found one book called Lies Across America by James W. Loewen,
and he points to this idea to where some monuments say,
(13:25):
like like Andy Hartman, our listener said that they give
the dates of the war from eighteen ninety eight to
nineteen o two, And he claims this is because it's
actually looping in the War of the Philippine American War
American War where the Filipinos wanted to ask the Americans
after the Americans else did the Spanish, and that didn't
settle or stabilize until nineteen o two. And so I mean,
(13:48):
I don't know if I if I agree with Lowen
on this point, because you could also say that the
monuments are looping in the idea that Cuba wasn't exactly
left alone until nineteen o two. But at least it's
an attempt at nswering that question. It's true, it's true,
But either way, I think the monument is wrong. Yeah, well,
maybe we'll take about collection and gout there and fix it. Anybody,
anybody at all? I'd like to go to California. I
(14:09):
know I could use it right now. It's sort of
cloudy and gray in Atlanta these days. But I'm so
glad that Andy wrote and asked that question because it
gave us an opportunity to talk about and oft forgotten more.
And I didn't know that much about it, so it
was really fun to explore. So if anyone else has
any fun ideas or questions that they would like answered,
be sure to email us at History Podcast at how
(14:30):
stuff works dot com and in the intim You can
quench your thirst for history knowledge by visiting the website
at how stuff works dot com for more on this
and thousands of other topics. Because at how stuff works
dot com
Welcome to Stuff You Missed in History Class from how
Stuff Works dot com. Hello, and welcome to podcast. I'm
editor Candice Skison, joined by staff writer Jane McGrath. Hey, though, Candice,
so today we have an email reply from a listener,
(00:22):
and this one is from Andy Hartman, and he wanted
to know something about the Spanish American War, which I
thought was a really good excuse because it's always been
one of those, you know, mysterious corners of American history
that you know, you sort of skipped over in history class,
and I wanted to know more about it. So he
asked about the dates regarding the Spanish American War, because
there's a monument in Sacramento, California that he's seen that
(00:43):
gives the dates as eight to nine two. But if
you look at the dates in history book, you'll notice
that the Spanish surrendered in so it's just four months long. Exactly,
it was, It's quick. John Hayes said, it was a
splendid little war. Short. Yeah, and there are a couple
different answers. But before we go into that, we should
(01:05):
we should talk a little about the war itself and
things that led up to it. Exactly give you guys
awesome background. So what's significant about the Spanish American War
is that it was based on the United States response
to rebels in Cuba who had been oppressed under Spanish
colonial rule for a long time. And there had been
some uprisings before, but finally there was enough guerilla action
(01:28):
going under their leadership of um well of many people, really,
but Jose Martie was really incindiarian and really got the
forces fired up. And what else is significant is that
the United States didn't just learn a helping hand to Cuba,
but by doing so really established itself as one of
the great imperial powers of the world. And in the
(01:48):
United States that were anti imperialists, so we're pretty ticked
off about this. So we see that it leads to controversy,
just not not just on the battlefield, but also in
ideology and politics too. That's right, knew back on the
age of exploration, which is really like when Spain gottled
these territories in the first place, it was before the
United States emerged. Obviously, the United States was kind of
result of this age of exploration, so Spain had gotten
(02:11):
it was really one of the first and most powerful
countries to start colonizing places in the Americas in particular,
so they they got all these powers, but by UM
the nineteenth century, they had lost a lot of these lands. Uh.
Cuba was one of those places they still held on
to um, although there was lots of unrest there. As
CANDUs was saying, there's the ten Years War between eighteen
sixty eight and eighteen seventy eight UM ten years long, obviously,
(02:35):
where the Cuba fought for independence and basically lost. And
on the treaty, Spanish tried to promise, so we'll give
you more powers and we'll give you more autonomy, but
it didn't really work out the way they wanted, and
by eight there was still violence breaking out and Sarah
Spain had control over Cuba, and they also had control
over Perrica, the Philippines and Guam, and something interesting was
(02:57):
happening at this time. And if you think about these
different island nations, you'll note that they're not all in
the same corner of the sea. They're they're pretty disparate.
And President McKinley actually had a military advisory named Alfred
Tiamahan who was saying that your nation is only as
strong as its navy is, and so it was important
to have different naval stations throughout the Caribbean and other
(03:20):
parts of the oceans around the world. And um he
even advocated for building a canal across the Isthmus of Panama,
which eventually happened, but not quite yet. And so the
United States thought, huh, this is a pretty good idea
and sort of an auspicious turn of events. Cuba was
asking for the United States help and throwing off Spain's power,
and the United States was thinking, how can we throw
(03:41):
ourselves at island nations and increase our our naval strength,
And so all of this came together in a perfect
storm of the Spanish American War, that's right, And so
public sentiment was was very geared towards getting Cuba free
and so um a lot of people were arguing, we
should get involved, we should get involved, and nothing actually happened,
(04:02):
um for real, until the explosion of the main Now,
the USS Maine was was a American ship that was
sorry used to say United States ship that was sent
uh towards Cuba to help look after American interests, their
US interests. So it mysteriously exploded one day February and
it killed all the members on board about more than
(04:24):
U S soldiers. I believe no one really knows what happened.
To this day, no one is exactly sure what happened
with the explosion. At the time, it was kind of
assumed that Spain was responsible and not everybody believed this. UM.
President McKinley launched uh UM an inquiry into what happened,
and nothing was very conclusive, and by the nineteen seventies,
(04:45):
actually they looked back on it in forensic evidence showed
that it was probably a result of a believe the
coal bunker UM there was a mistake there and something
went wrong and exploded. But again, that's one of those
cases of you get a big and tall and balden
headline on a newspaper and you're going to get a
lot of rallying support from the public, and the public
screens loudly enough. Typically the president has to respond in
(05:09):
some way. And what's interesting about press generated during the
Spanish American War, or actually right before the Spanish American War,
is that there were two competing newspapers at this time,
and the men behind them, William Randolph Hurst and Joseph Pulitzer,
they wanted to get their copies sold, and so you've
probably heard of yellow journalism, and this comes from the
(05:30):
idea of embellishing stories and creating untruths about what was
going on in the world at that time, and in
Cuba is a perfect place to make splashing news like this,
and so supposedly Hurst even told one of his reporters,
you furnish the pictures, and I will furnish the war,
because the newspapers were receiving pictures of Cubans who had
(05:52):
been put into concentration camps and and other outlets, and
they were being tortured supposedly about Spanish and they were
awful images. But when he sent reporters over there, there
wasn't actually a whole lot going on, So there wasn't
much of a story to write. We knew that there
were injustices, but we couldn't exactly, you know, put our
hands on what was happening and how the United States
should help because it was still unclear. And so the
(06:14):
newspapers were able to create the story themselves and get
people involved. And shortly after the main and this cry,
remember the main US Congress drafted a declaration of war
against Spain. That's right, and Hurst is really interesting also
because he not only sort of made up these stories,
he capitalized on this um yeah, imminent war as much
(06:37):
as he could. And Hurst actually made a card game
called War with Spain, and he started a fund to
build a main memorial um dedicated to the USS Main
and he actually offered a fifty thou dollar reward for
anyone who could solve the mystery of the explosion exactly.
And um, when war was all out called, like you said,
Candice Um, he actually referred to it as the Journal's war,
(07:00):
as if he he started it himself. Here briss I'll Italia.
But it worked. It worked. It got a reluctant United
States into war with Spain. And you know, I quitted
John Hay earlier saying it was a splendid little war
was just four months long and and really that's how
it went. I mean, there were these U. S. Troops
who started getting shuffled out the different island nations that
(07:21):
Spain still owned. And the Cuban campaign was one of
the dirtiest and most awful because the troops that got
sent were so it equipped to deal with the conditions there. Um.
They sent one of the first black uh infantries to
Cuba to fight. This was shortly after the military had
been somewhat desegregated. They were moving towards desegregation, and they
(07:42):
found there was not adequate food. They were given really
heavy roolen uniforms and obviously it's way too hot in
Cuba for that, and the fighting was just pretty bloody,
and the troops were outnumbered against the Spanish troops, and
so victory for them really came on the seas because
the Spanish navy was very, very poor compared to the
(08:03):
state of the art ships that the American troops had. Yeah,
and adding to the food problem, um, there was also
problems with the actual food. Soldiers were complaining about it
and they said the beef tasted horrible. And there was
this scandal that broke out in the US at the
time that they were eating in balmed beef and somebody
said this word and it caught fire and people are like,
(08:23):
what the heck is that um? And that turned out
to be a rumor, I believe, But basically the they
think the heat of like the Cuban summer um made
it so the the meat did not last very well
and they were not eating very well over there in
Cuba anyway, So and a lot of them contracted yellow
fever and other diseases from being in Cuba and being
(08:45):
exposed to these conditions. And numbers that I've heard range,
but they approximate that fifty four hundred died in the
Cuban campaign, and of that only about three d eighty
if these deaths were actually due to battle and combat
with the Spanish forces. So if you can imagine, that's
what was going on. And one of the more interesting
parts to me at least, and some people say they're
(09:07):
sort of overrated, but it's fun to imagine, you know,
Teddy Roosevelt on a horse, you know, as a rough rider.
The rose Riders came in and this was a very um,
very sort of appropri of men, everyone from artists to
very wealthy men to politicians. And Roosevelt at that time
I felt that he had to do something to help
out with the Cuban campaign. And so they all got
(09:29):
together and they rode on their horses, and the African
American soldiers from the ninth Cavalry were very instrumental in
helping them to take the battle at Kettle Hill, and
they were able to outmaneuver the Spanish again, even if
they were outnumbered. That's right, and that's probably what made
this war so quick. Um. One of the major battles
we should mention, uh, the first battle that happened in
(09:50):
the war was happened actually not in Cuba or near it.
It happened all the way over the Philippines, uh, in
Manila Bay and Admiral George Dewey basically it was Teddy Roosevelt.
Like you mentioned, he was involved with the rough writers,
but before that he was actually giving out orders um
uh too for Admiral George Dewey to bring his squadron
(10:11):
over to Hong Kong to get ready to go to
the Philippines. And when do we actually got to the Philippines,
it was it was basically hands down victory for the
United States, and that really set the tone for the war.
I think it did. It did because there was that
chain of success, you know, once the United States had
won enough victories in Cuba, and then once they started
winning more victories and the Philippines, everyone was was happy
(10:32):
because they could see, you know, at the beginning of
the end. And a really key figure from the Philippines
was Emilio Aguinaldo and Um. He was very very excited
about the prospect of the Philippines gaining independence from Spain.
And along with the Filipinos, there were about eleven thousand
US troops that came along to help about Aguinaldo and
he actually declared independence from Spain on behalf of the
(10:53):
Philippines and Um he was able to commission the U.
S troops to help him out and whence they were
to declare victory there. The United States moved on to Guam,
but then things got kind of messy when when Spain
eventually surrendered, they were like, okay, you've got us. You
know you're Guam. Now we can we can easily see
(11:13):
you know, Puerto Rico is next and we're gonna be
losing all of our territories. So they agreed to sign
a peace treaty. But then a Glenado got upset because
now the United States was in a position where it
could have control of the Philippines, and he thought, well,
who are these men I was fighting alongside, and even
the Antio period anti imperialists getting too excited and speaking
too fast. Even the anti imperialists in America were saying,
(11:36):
who is America anymore. Our nation had been founded on
the precept of freedom from tyranny and freedom from imperial powers,
and now we've become one of them ourselves. So it
was a really big struggle that went up to the
Supreme Court about how to disseminate these lands the US
had gained. Yeah, and uh, it's a controversial issue even
to this day because, um, you could make the argument
(11:56):
and they did at the time as well, that uh,
the countries that they is liberated from Spanish rule, uh,
needed to get on their feet now and are we
gonna just let them be? And like what would happen
if anarchy ensues or whatever? Like, they don't have a
very stable transition, and maybe we should stick around and
try to make that work. Sounds like a pretty familiar story,
doesn't it a lot of connections to the day today,
(12:20):
of course, And so that was the ultimate question, what
do we do with these territories? So the U. S.
Supreme Court ultimately made a couple of decisions. Uh, perto
Rico I was incorporated, the Philippines remained unincorporated, and the
Cubans were allowed to write their own concerts here shen
but the United States was still allowed to send troops there,
and ultimately Cuba became a protectorate of the United States.
(12:41):
That's right. And this was principally because of something called
the Teller Amendment, which was attached on to the permission
that Congress gave McKinley. When they originally said yes, go
ahead and use whatever you can to go protect Cuba
and liberate them from the Spanish. Uh, they attacked on
the Teller Amendment to say, when you're done liberating the Cubans,
you need to leave them alone. And there were of
(13:03):
course like provisions that like, okay, you can make sure
it's stable there. But but by nineteen o two, the
US mostly had left there and they had relinquished their
military government control over Cuba by that time. I said,
this brings us back to the question of the monument.
I found one book called Lies Across America by James W. Loewen,
and he points to this idea to where some monuments say,
(13:25):
like like Andy Hartman, our listener said that they give
the dates of the war from eighteen ninety eight to
nineteen o two, And he claims this is because it's
actually looping in the War of the Philippine American War
American War where the Filipinos wanted to ask the Americans
after the Americans else did the Spanish, and that didn't
settle or stabilize until nineteen o two. And so I mean,
(13:48):
I don't know if I if I agree with Lowen
on this point, because you could also say that the
monuments are looping in the idea that Cuba wasn't exactly
left alone until nineteen o two. But at least it's
an attempt at nswering that question. It's true, it's true,
But either way, I think the monument is wrong. Yeah, well,
maybe we'll take about collection and gout there and fix it. Anybody,
anybody at all? I'd like to go to California. I
(14:09):
know I could use it right now. It's sort of
cloudy and gray in Atlanta these days. But I'm so
glad that Andy wrote and asked that question because it
gave us an opportunity to talk about and oft forgotten more.
And I didn't know that much about it, so it
was really fun to explore. So if anyone else has
any fun ideas or questions that they would like answered,
be sure to email us at History Podcast at how
(14:30):
stuff works dot com and in the intim You can
quench your thirst for history knowledge by visiting the website
at how stuff works dot com for more on this
and thousands of other topics. Because at how stuff works
dot com
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