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July 19, 2024 17 mins

On this episode of Our American Stories, Vince Benedetto, founder of Bold Gold Media Group, tells the story of the Cooper Union address-the greatest speech of Lincoln's that Americans have never heard, and the speech that made him President.

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Speaker 1 (00:15):
This is Lee Habib, and this is our American Stories,
the show where America is the star and the American people.
And one of the things we love to do on
this show is tell stories about our great American history.
Up next, a story courtesy of Vince Benedetto, founder, president
and CEO of Bold Gold Media Group, on a story

(00:37):
that he and I wrote together for Newsweek. It's entitled
Lincoln's Greatest Speech Americans have Never heard, And the speech
that we're talking about is the Cooper Union speech given
on February twenty seventh, eighteen sixty, a critical point in
America's history, from before Lincoln was president or even on

(00:58):
the radar of being one. Without further delay, Here is
Vince with the story.

Speaker 2 (01:05):
It was early winter in eighteen sixty, and the country
was at an inflection point that makes today's division seem trivial.
It wasn't merely slavery that was on trial. Not quite
two decades shy of our first centennial, the Founding Father's
vision itself hung in the balance. A growing segment of

(01:26):
America's population were claiming that the authors of the Declaration
of Independence and the Constitution were fighting to advance the
lives of only white men. The founders, a growing chorus
of revisionists, maintained, had no room in this new nation
for black people. But one man took it upon himself
to write the definitive response to these long simmering claims.

(01:50):
Though the world knows his Gettysburg address, it was Abraham
Lincoln's speech at a new technical college in New York
City that helped propel him to national prominence. In the
mid nineteenth century, a large number of Americans, particularly those

(02:12):
in the Southern States, advanced an argument that our founding
fathers never intended to end slavery or provide equality to
anyone other than those born with white skin. They also
accused Americans in favor of restricting or abolishing slavery of
betraying the founder's intention. Lincoln knew both of those claims

(02:32):
to be false, and set about proving it in his
Cooper Union address. His challenge was daunting, because the Founding
Fathers were themselves a large group of individuals with divergent views.
Could we truly know their intentions regarding slavery and race
If they wanted to exclude black people, they surely would
have written or said as much. If Thomas Jefferson when

(02:55):
he wrote the Sacred Words, we hold these truths to
be self evident, that all men are created equally, meant
for only those words to apply to just white men.
Why didn't he write it that way? Lincoln knew Jefferson
was a man of precision when it came to choosing
his words, so much so that Lincoln in eighteen fifty

(03:17):
nine said this of Jefferson and the Declaration.

Speaker 3 (03:32):
All honor to Jefferson, to the man who, in the
concrete pressure of a struggle for national independence by a
single people, had the coolness, forecast and capacity to introduce
a merely revolutionary document, an abstract truth applicable to all
men in all times, and so to embalm it there

(03:53):
that today and in all coming days, it shall be
a rebuke, in a stumbling block to the very harbingers
of reappearing tyranny and oppression.

Speaker 2 (04:06):
Lincoln understood that if the Declaration's only purpose was to
make the case for separation from England, it didn't require
the bold language of liberty and equality in its preamble.
It could have simply listed the grievances against the tyrannical king.
Even prior in eighteen fifty seven, Lincoln, in his condemnation
of the Supreme Court's infamous dread Scott decision, wrote this

(04:30):
about the founder's intentions.

Speaker 3 (04:36):
They did not mean to assert the obvious untruth that
all were then actually enjoying that equality, nor yet that
they were about to confer it immediately upon them. In fact,
they had no power to confer such a boon. They
meant simply to declare the right, so that the enforcement
of it might follow as fast as circumstances should permit.

(04:57):
They meant to set up a standard maxim for free society,
which should be familiar to all, and revered by all,
constantly looked to, constantly labored for, and even though never
perfectly attained, constantly approximated, and thereby constantly spreading and deepening
its influence and augmenting the happiness and value of life

(05:18):
to all people of all colors everywhere.

Speaker 2 (05:22):
Far from being hypocrites, Lincoln believed our founders were forward
thinking visionaries. With all of that as background, Lincoln began
his address by asking a question.

Speaker 3 (05:35):
Who were our fathers who framed the Constitution?

Speaker 2 (05:42):
He then went about building an air type case in
defense of the founders, using a tool he'd use as
a prominent trial lawyer. Evidence Lincoln prepared for months, with
his primary source being Jonathan Elliott's multi volume debates on
the Federal Constitution. He scoured the official record of the
proceedings of Congress like a detective. Lincoln followed the founder's

(06:06):
actions to determine whether, after they affixed their names to parchment,
they endeavored to limit or abolish slavery, or contribute to
its preservation and expansion. He started by taking the audience
back to seventeen eighty four, to life under the Articles
of Confederation, three years before the Constitutional Convention. The issue

(06:28):
at hand was land in possession of the federal government
known as the Northwestern Territory.

Speaker 1 (06:34):
And you've been listening to Vince Benedetto giving a rendering
of the story we wrote about the Cooper Union address
that Lincoln delivered in eighteen sixty in New York at
the aforementioned technical college that had literally just been minted.
He didn't give this speech at Columbia or Harvard or Yale,
but the new forward thinking university dedicated to technology by

(06:58):
the industrialist Peter Cooper. When we come back, what happens next?
What is Lincoln's case. What is the case for the Founders?
The real case? We'll find out more here on our
American Story. Folks, if you love the stories we tell

(07:32):
about this great country, and especially the stories of America's
rich past, know that all of our stories about American history,
from war to innovation, culture and faith are brought to
us by the great folks at Hillsdale College, a place
where students study all the things that are beautiful in
life and all the things that are good in life.
And if you can't get to Hillsdale, Hillsdale will come

(07:52):
to you with their free and terrific online courses. Go
to Hillsdale dot edu to learn more. And we continue

(08:15):
with our American stories and the story of Abraham Lincoln's
Cooper Union speech, a speech which more Americans should know about.
And that's why we're telling this story. Indeed, it's why
this show exists. Telling the story is Vince Benedetto, the founder,
president and CEO of Bold Gold Media Group from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.

(08:36):
Vince is also an Air Force Academy graduate. When we
last left off, Fense was telling us about Lincoln's desire
to present the Founders as forward thinking visionaries on the
question of slavery, rather than as some were saying wrong
about the fact that all men were created equal. Let's
return to the story. Here again is Vince Benedetto.

Speaker 2 (09:09):
He started by taking the audience back to seventeen eighty
four to life under the Articles of Confederation, three years
before the Constitutional Convention. The issue at hand was land
in possession of the federal government known as the Northwestern Territory.
Four of the eventual signers of the Constitution were present,

(09:30):
and three of the four voted to prohibit slavery in
the new territory.

Speaker 3 (09:35):
In their understanding, no mine dividing local from federal authority,
nor anything else properly forbade the federal government to control
as to slavery in federal territory.

Speaker 2 (09:46):
Three years later, the issue again came before the Confederation Congress.
Two more of the eventual signers of the future Constitution
were present. Both voted to prevent slavery in the Northwest Territory.
Soon afterward, during the first Congress under our new Constitution,
Lincoln reveals.

Speaker 3 (10:06):
The bill for this act was reported by one of
the thirty nine, Thomas Fitzsimmons, then a member of the
House of Representatives from Pennsylvania. It went through all its
stages without a word of opposition, and finally passed both
branches without yeas and nays, which is equivalent to a
unanimous passage. In this congress, there were sixteen of the

(10:27):
thirty nine fathers who framed the original Constitution. George Washington,
another one of the thirty nine, was then President of
the United States, and as such approved and signed the bill.

Speaker 2 (10:39):
During Jefferson's presidency, the Louisiana Purchase of eighteen oh three
was a big deal. Two constitutional signers Lincoln noted were
present in that Congress. As the government further restricted slavery,
Lincoln moved to the Missouri Question of eighteen nineteen and
eighteen twenty With two signers of the Constitution in Congress,

(11:01):
one voted to prohibit slavery and one voted against prohibition.
By Lincoln's calculations, twenty three of the thirty nine signers
of the Constitution had a voting record on the issue
of slavery. Of the twenty three twenty one, an overwhelming
majority voted to prohibit or limit the expansion of slavery.

(11:25):
Of the remaining sixteen signers, with no voting record, Lincoln's
research revealed strong anti slavery sentiments.

Speaker 3 (11:36):
If we should look into their acts and declarations on
those other phrases as the foreign slave trade and the
morality and policy of slavery generally, it would appear to
us that on the direct question of federal control of
slavery and federal territories, the sixteen, if they had acted
at all, would probably have acted just as the twenty
three did. Among that sixteen were several of the most

(12:00):
voted anti slavery men of those times is doctor Franklin,
Alexander Hamilton, and Governor Morris Well. There was not one
known to have been otherwise, unless it may be John
Rutledge of South Carolina.

Speaker 2 (12:14):
Lincoln was just getting started. But what about the argument
that preventing slavery violated slave owners' property rights under the
Fifth Amendment or the rights of states under the tenth
Lincoln's argument was devastating.

Speaker 3 (12:33):
It is surely safe to assume that the thirty nine
framers of the original Constitution and the seventy six members
of Congress which framed the amendments there too, taken together,
do certainly include those who may be fairly called our
fathers who framed the government under which we live in
so assuming, I defy any man to show that any

(12:55):
one of them ever in his whole life declared that
in his understanding and any proper division of local from
federal authority, or any part of the Constitution forbade the
federal government to control as to slavery in the federal territories.

Speaker 2 (13:12):
Lincoln, with those words, destroyed the notion that our founders
intended for slavery to expand in America. Further, the notion
that they did not intend for the federal government to
use its power under the Constitution to prevent such expansion
was false. A Congress that voted concurrently to prevent slavery

(13:34):
in the New Lands of America and for the Bill
of Rights decimated the Southerner's claims. Lincoln demonstrated beyond any
reasonable doubt that our founders attacked slavery as a moral wrong.

Speaker 3 (13:50):
Neither the word slave or slavery is to be found
in the Constitution, nor the word property, even in any
connection with the language alluding to the things slave or slavery.

Speaker 2 (14:01):
This was done intentionally. Lincoln noted to.

Speaker 3 (14:04):
Exclude from the Constitution the idea that there could be
property in man.

Speaker 2 (14:09):
Though a product of compromises and consensus. Lincoln's surmised the
Constitution and the Declaration were designed to be great freedom
documents and weapons against tyranny. A great twentieth century visionary
concurred with Lincoln. On July fourth, nineteen sixty five, a

(14:29):
Southern preacher delivered an important sermon in his home church
in Atlanta, the Reverend Martin Luther King Junior. He preached
never before in the history of the world has a
socio political document expressed in such profound, eloquent, and unequivocal
language the dignity and the worth of human personality. We

(15:01):
can and should debate how we apply the Founder's vision
to our modern society. But for anyone interested in the
Founder's intention on slavery and race, read Lincoln's Cooper Union Address.
The man who prosecuted the war with the Southern States
and emancipated the slaves made the most authoritative case in
American history. It remains as true today as it was

(15:25):
when he made it in eighteen sixty and that is
why Abraham Lincoln's Cooper Union Address is his greatest speech
that Americans have never heard. It's the speech that made
Lincoln president. It's the speech that saved America once, and
it's the speech that can save us again.

Speaker 1 (15:58):
And a terrific job on the editing, production and storytelling
by Monty Montgomery. And a special thanks to Vince Benedetto,
the founder, president and CEO of Bold Gold Media Group
from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. And he's also an Air Force Academy
graduate and know not a PhD in history, knows as
much about history as any PhD and as a passion

(16:21):
for this material. And a special thanks to Newsweek for
allowing us to perform the piece that Vince and I
wrote there. It's available at newsweek dot com. And by
the way, all of our histories are brought to us
by the great folks at Hillsdale College who teach all
the things that matter in life and all the things
are good in life. And if you can't get to Hillsdale,
Hillsdale will come to you with her free and terrific

(16:44):
online courses. Indeed, I learned more about the Constitution taking
their Constitution one oh one course than I did with
three years at the University of Virginia School of Law.
It is that good every family, every k in this
country should know the story of the Constitution, and of
course the Cooper Union speech says it all, debunking the

(17:07):
argument that our founders, even in contextual history, were four flavored.
It's simply not true. The story of Lincoln's Cooper Union speech.
Here on our American story.
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Lee Habeeb

Lee Habeeb

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