WhiteBoard Medicine - Emergency And Critical Care

In this advanced critical care pharmacology session, we compare major vasopressors and inotropes side by side — including norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, phenylephrine, vasopressin, dobutamine, milrinone, methylene blue, hydroxocobalamin, oral midodrine, dopamine, and more.

Learn their mechanisms, receptor profiles, dosing, indications, and key differences in clinical use. We then test your knowledge with evidence-based prac...

Levosimendan is a unique inodilator that enhances cardiac contractility while causing vasodilation — making it distinct from traditional inotropes. In this podcast, we cover the mechanism of action, dosing, clinical uses, side effects, and evidence for levosimendan, with a focus on general ICU and critical care applications. We end with practice questions!

Designed for medical students, nurses, physician assistants, nurse practitio...

Learn the essentials of dopamine as both a vasopressor and inotrope in this high-yield clinical medicine lecture. Perfect for medical students, nurses, respiratory therapists, clinicians, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners

This episode covers: Dopamine’s mechanism of action across different dose ranges. Receptor targets and dose-dependent effects (dopaminergic, β1, α1). Clinical indications in shock and heart failure. Do...

Oral midodrine is an alpha-1 adrenergic agonist increasingly used as a vasopressor adjunct in clinical medicine. In this podcast, we break down the mechanism of action, indications, dosing, side effects, and evidence behind midodrine use — especially in the ICU and hospital setting. We will then end with practice questions!

Whether you’re a medical student, nurse, physician assistant, nurse practitioner, respiratory therapist, or p...

In this podcast, we dive into advanced management strategies for pulmonary embolism (PE), focusing on the latest techniques and protocols for diagnosis and treatment based on risk stratification. Pulmonary embolism is a life-threatening condition that requires quick and effective management to prevent severe complications. Understanding the various approaches to PE treatment, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological method...

In this podcast, we break down the basics of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)—a life-threatening condition that causes severe difficulty breathing. Whether you’re a healthcare professional, a student, or just looking to understand more about this condition, this podcast covers everything you need to know about ARDS.

Topics: What is ARDS and who does it affect?

Causes of ARDS including pulmonary and non-pulmonary

Pathophys...

Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) are surgically implanted devices that pull blood from the left ventricular and push it into the aorta to support patient's with end stage heart failure. Its role is expanding as it has demonstrated improved mortality and symptoms for those with end stage heart disease. In this podcast we dive into the basics of LVADs including the anatomy, physiology, indications, contraindications, and evalu...

LVADs are amazing devices that can increase blood flow around the body for those with end stage heart failure. They are very complex though. Suction events are when the cannula sucking blood out of the left ventricular has trouble suctioning that blood. In this video we dive into how to evaluate and manage LVAD suction events.

Topics: Basics, Overview, What Is A Suction Event, Anatomy, LVAD Mechanics, Causes Of Suction Events, Eval...

Minute ventilation, alveolar ventilation, and dead space are critical foundational concepts to understanding when working to master respiratory physiology. Learn about these critical topics in this podcast! Topics: Minute Ventilation, Concept, Equations, Clinical Application, Practice Problem. Alveolar Ventilation, Anatomic Dead Space, Concepts, Equations with Derivations. Practice Questions Comparing the These Concepts.

YouTube Vi...

In this podcast, we cover everything you need to know about Lactated Ringer’s (LR) — one of the most commonly used balanced crystalloid solutions in hospitals and emergency settings. 📌 Topics Covered: What is Lactated Ringer’s? Electrolyte composition of LR (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl⁻, lactate). Isotonic vs hypotonic vs hypertonic fluids. How LR differs from normal saline (NS). When to use LR (trauma, burns, sepsis, surgery). LR and acid-...

In this podcast, we cover everything you need to know about Lactated Ringer’s (LR) — one of the most commonly used balanced crystalloid solutions in hospitals and emergency settings. 📌 Topics Covered: What is Lactated Ringer’s? Electrolyte composition of LR (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl⁻, lactate). Isotonic vs hypotonic vs hypertonic fluids. How LR differs from normal saline (NS). When to use LR (trauma, burns, sepsis, surgery). LR and acid-...

In this podcast, we cover everything you need to know about Lactated Ringer’s (LR) — one of the most commonly used balanced crystalloid solutions in hospitals and emergency settings. 📌 Topics Covered: What is Lactated Ringer’s? Electrolyte composition of LR (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl⁻, lactate). Isotonic vs hypotonic vs hypertonic fluids. How LR differs from normal saline (NS). When to use LR (trauma, burns, sepsis, surgery). LR and acid-...

In this podcast, we cover everything you need to know about Lactated Ringer’s (LR) — one of the most commonly used balanced crystalloid solutions in hospitals and emergency settings. 📌 Topics Covered: What is Lactated Ringer’s? Electrolyte composition of LR (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl⁻, lactate). Isotonic vs hypotonic vs hypertonic fluids. How LR differs from normal saline (NS). When to use LR (trauma, burns, sepsis, surgery). LR and acid-...

In this podcast, we cover everything you need to know about Lactated Ringer’s (LR) — one of the most commonly used balanced crystalloid solutions in hospitals and emergency settings. 📌 Topics Covered: What is Lactated Ringer’s? Electrolyte composition of LR (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl⁻, lactate). Isotonic vs hypotonic vs hypertonic fluids. How LR differs from normal saline (NS). When to use LR (trauma, burns, sepsis, surgery). LR and acid-...

In this high-yield medical education podcast, we explore hydroxocobalamin — a lesser-known but powerful adjunct vasopressor used in vasoplegic shock and cyanide toxicity. Learn how this vitamin B12 analog exerts potent effects on vascular tone and when to use it in the ICU.

📌 What you’ll learn in this podcast: What is hydroxocobalamin? Mechanism of action: nitric oxide scavenger, catecholamine-sparing effects Clinical uses in vaso...

In this podcast, we cover everything you need to know about Lactated Ringer’s (LR) — one of the most commonly used balanced crystalloid solutions in hospitals and emergency settings. 📌 Topics Covered: What is Lactated Ringer’s? Electrolyte composition of LR (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl⁻, lactate). Isotonic vs hypotonic vs hypertonic fluids. How LR differs from normal saline (NS). When to use LR (trauma, burns, sepsis, surgery). LR and acid-...

In this focused medical education podcast, we break down the use of methylene blue as an adjunct vasopressor in critical care. Known for its role in vasoplegic shock and nitric oxide inhibition, methylene blue has unique effects on vascular tone that can support refractory hypotension when traditional agents fail.

📌 In this podcast, you'll learn: What is methylene blue and how does it work? Mechanism of action: nitric oxide pathwa...

In this podcast, we cover everything you need to know about Lactated Ringer’s (LR) — one of the most commonly used balanced crystalloid solutions in hospitals and emergency settings. 📌 Topics Covered: What is Lactated Ringer’s? Electrolyte composition of LR (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl⁻, lactate). Isotonic vs hypotonic vs hypertonic fluids. How LR differs from normal saline (NS). When to use LR (trauma, burns, sepsis, surgery). LR and acid-...

In this high-yield medical education podcast, we break down milrinone, a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor used for inotropic support in heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Whether you're in the ICU, ED, or cardiology service, this is your focused review of how milrinone works and when to use it.

📌 In this podcast, you’ll learn: What is milrinone and how does it work? Mechanism of action: PDE-3 inhibition → ↑ cAMP → ↑ inotropy and va...