Episode 1: Marie Antoinette Never Said 'Let Them Eat Cake': Famous Quotes That Weren't

Alex Calder investigates how misattributed quotes become powerful historical shorthand that shapes our understanding of historical figures and events. The episode explores famous "quotes" like Marie Antoinette's "Let them eat cake," Voltaire's defense of free speech, and Einstein's definition of insanity—none of which these people actually said. Alex examines why we attribute these statements to historical figures who embody their sentiments, how these misquotations serve as convenient historical shorthand, and why we continue to repeat them even after learning they're incorrect. The episode reveals how fabricated or misattributed quotes tell us more about our need for simple narratives than about the historical figures themselves, while demonstrating how even small historical distortions can significantly shape public understanding of the past.